: P. :

A few years ago,

I began to observe something in my own behavior

that made me a bit uncomfortable.

And that was that from the moment that I woke up to the end of the day,

my life was a series of screens.

I started the day

with the thing that woke me up first thing in the morning, my phone,

and so I sat there in bed watching various cooking videos on

and between a bunch of different applications.

But then it was time to get out of bed and cook breakfast,

and so the thing that I focused then on,

in addition to the in the pan,

was the that was right next to the oven.

And then it was time to do some work,

and so I went to a different screen

which was attached to another screen itself.

All the while,

this little devil on my wrist

was tapping and and and distracting me

as I was trying to get important stuff done.

But there was one particular offender out of all of these different devices

that I wasted more time on than anything else.

That was this thing: my phone.

I could spend hours on this thing every single day.

And so I decided to essentially, for all intents and purposes,

get rid of the thing for a month.

As an experiment, I thought,

"I'm going to live on this thing for just 30 minutes every single day

at a maximum."

And so this is the amount of time I have for maps,

this is the amount of time to call my mother,

this is the amount of time I have

for everything that I could possibly want to do,

to listen to music, to listen to ,

and I observed what happened during this time.

It took about a week

to adjust into a new, lower level of ,

but once I did,

I noticed that three curious things began to happen.

First, my grew.

It was like I could focus on things,

not ,

but with much more ease than I could before this experiment started.

In addition to this, though, as I was going about the world

and especially when my mind wandered a bit,

I had more ideas that my mind arrived at,

and on top of this,

I had more plans and thoughts about the future.

Getting rid of one simple device led to these three effects.

Why?

Noticing this a few years back led me on this long journey

to get to the bottom of what it takes to focus in a world of .

I hundreds of research papers from front to back at my office.

I don't know if you've ever watched one of those crime shows

where somebody's solving a murder.

And so they have this big Bristol board,

and there's string attached to papers

attached to attached to -

this is like what the state of my office was.

I flew out to meet experts around the world who study focus;

I conducted more experiments on myself

until the point I had 25,000 words of research notes

about why this is the case.

How does technology influence our attention and our ability to focus?

I want to start

with the that we have.

This is how we pay attention to the world around us

and how much control we have over our focus.

The research around this particular area is fascinating.

It turns out that when we do work in front of a computer,

especially when our phone is nearby,

we focus on one thing for just 40 seconds

before we switch to doing something else,

and when we have things like open as we're doing some work,

this lowers to 35 seconds.

But the reason that this is the case is not what we might think,

after looking at the research.

We think the problem is that our brains are distracted.

But after looking at the research,

this is what I've come to know as a symptom for the deeper problem,

which runs much more deeply - it's the root cause of this .

It's not that we're distracted; it's that our brains are .

It's that we in the first place.

Our brains love these tiny little

of information and social media and

and these things that we do over the course of the day.

There's even a mechanism in our mind called the " bias,"

by which our mind rewards us with a hit of ,

one of those wonderful pleasure chemicals,

the same one we get when we eat and order a whole medium pizza from Domino's,

, the same one that we get when we make love.

We get that same when we check .

We get this through our mind.

And so we not only ,

but our mind rewards us

for seeking out and finding in the first place.

So, this is the state of our minds today.

We're at this state

where we

between these bunch of different objects of attention

that are very, very stimulating for our mind.

And so I thought, "Okay, if the phone had this impact on my ,

what if I lowered how stimulated I was even more, still?"

And so, , this feeling that we experience

when we go from being in a state of high

into a state of low ,

it has a name.

That name is called ","

(Laughs)

, this that we feel when we have this super busy week

and then we're lying on a Sunday afternoon, thinking,

"Alright, well, what am I doing now?"

So, I put out a call to the readers of and I asked them,

"What is the most boring thing that you can think of doing?

I'm going to make myself an hour a day, for a month."

And so I did some stuff that I still am upset about from my readers, to this day.

Day one, I read the terms and conditions for one hour.

(Laughter)

It's actually shorter and more than you might think.

Day four, I waited on hold with Air Canada's department.

It's very easy -

This is the trick:

if you want to make yourself bored,

don't call the reservations department, call the people

because you're going to wait hours, if you ever get through at all.

Day 19, I counted all the that I could

in the first 10,000 of .

Ugh.

Day 24, I watched a clock

,

for one hour.

And 27 other activities this month.

.

I still think back.

But ,

I noticed the exact same effects as I did during the experiment.

It took about a week for my mind to adjust

into a newer, lower level of ,

and this maps, , on top of research

that shows that it takes our mind about eight days

to fully and rest,

like when we're on vacation, as an example.

Our vacations need to be longer than they are today.

But I also noticed that my expanded.

I was able to focus even more

because I wasn't surrounded by fewer ,

but my mind was so much less stimulated

that it did not seek the distraction in the first place.

But the fun part were these ideas and plans that struck me

that didn't before,

and the reason that this is the case

is because my mind had a chance to wander more often.

There's a great quote that I love that you might be familiar with

from J. R. R. ,

where he says that "not all those who wander are lost,"

and the exact same thing is true, it turns out, with regard to our focus,

with regard to our attention.

If you think back to when your best, most brilliant ideas strike you,

you're rarely focused on something.

Maybe this morning you were taking a shower,

or maybe some morning in the past,

and then your mind had a chance to connect several of the of ideas

that were around in your mind

to create an idea that would never have otherwise

if you were focused on something else,

on your phone, for example.

This is a mode,

especially when we do this deliberately, when we deliberately let our mind wander;

I call this mode "scatter focus."

And the research shows

that it lets our mind come up with ideas, it lets our mind plan

because of where our mind wanders to.

This is fascinating.

It turns out that when we just let our attention rest,

it goes to three main places:

We think about the past, we think about the present,

and we think about the future.

But we think about the past less than we might think,

only about 12% ,

and often we're recalling ideas in these thought-wandering episodes.

But the present, which is a much more productive place to wander -

we wander to think about the present 28% .

And this is, , something as simple as you're typing up an

and you can't find a way to phrase something

because it's very delicate, maybe it's political,

you go and walk to another room, to another room of the house, the office,

and the solution hits you

because your mind had a chance to approach it

and that problem from different directions.

But here's the thing:

our minds wander to think about the future

more than the past and the present combined.

Whenever our mind is wandering, we think about the future 48% .

This is why when we're taking a shower, we plan out our entire day,

even though it hasn't started yet.

This is called our mind's prospective bias,

and it occurs when our mind wanders.

If you're good with math,

or maths, I should say -

not in Canada anymore -

these numbers don't add up to 100.

It's because the rest of the time, our mind is dull, it's blank,

or it doesn't have an idea inside of it that is rooted in time.

But whatever it is for you that lets your mind wander,

something that's simple,

something that doesn't consume your full attention.

Mine happens to be something

that is not necessarily of my age and gender demographic,

but I love to knit.

Knitting is one of my favorite ;

I planes, I knit on trains, I hotel rooms.

I was the hotel room before this event today

because it helps calm you down, it helps settle your nerves.

And I come up with so many ideas when I knit, I have a next to me.

But whatever it is for you -

it might be taking that extra long shower, it might be taking a bath,

your shower to a bath

so you can soak not just with your body but with your ideas as well.

It could be simple;

if you're at work walking from one room to another in the office -

very simple change -

but if you don't use your phone during that walk,

your mind will go to the meeting that you're about to attend,

it'll go to the call that you were just on,

it'll wander to the ideas that are circulating,

and it'll make you more creative in this way.

It could be something as simple as waiting in line

and just, I don't know, waiting in line.

It could be getting a .

, whatever it is that lets your mind -

I love this picture so much -

(Laughter)

whatever you love doing.

Here's tip:

Ask your to let you have a in the session

because ideas always come to you and you're always things,

so capture them

so you can act upon them later.

But I think, after doing this deep the research,

we need to make two fundamental shifts

with regard to how we think about our attention.

We think that we need to fit more in -

you know, there's all this talk about "."

I'm an anti-hustler.

I'm one of the people you'll ever meet,

and I think that's what gives me so many ideas to talk and write about.

We don't need to fit more in.

We're doing enough; we're doing too much.

We're doing so much that our mind never wanders anymore.

It's sad.

This is when our best ideas and plans come to us.

We need more space.

If you look at what allows traffic to move down a highway,

what allows it to move forward isn't how fast cars are moving,

as you might expect,

it's how much space exists between the cars

that allows traffic to move forward.

Our work and our life are the same way.

The second shift:

we like to think of distraction as the enemy of focus.

It is not.

It is a symptom of why we find it difficult to focus,

which is the fact that our mind is .

I have a challenge for you.

It's a two-week challenge,

but it's a challenge to make your mind a bit less stimulated

and simply notice:

what happens to your attention?

How many ideas do you get?

How does your focus change?

How many plans do you make?

So, for two weeks, make your mind less stimulated.

There are so many great features on phones, on devices

that'll let us eliminate a lot of the time we waste on our devices.

Use those features,

not only to become aware of how you spend your time

but how you can spend less so you have more ideas.

Have a ritual every evening.

One of my favorite daily rituals:

I the Internet completely

from 8pm to 8am.

My fiancée and I, we have a weekly ritual,

a technology every Sunday,

so we can the digital world

and with the physical world, the real, actual world.

- you don't have to do it for an hour.

Please don't call Air Canada. It's just a world of hell.

But , just for a few minutes.

Lay , and where does your mind go?

And scatter your attention.

You'll find some remarkably things

in that zone.

If there's one thing that I have found to be true

after doing this deep this world on how we focus,

it's that the state of our attention is what determines the state of our lives.

If we're distracted in each moment,

those moments of distraction and

build up and accumulate

to create a life that feels more distracted and overwhelming,

like we don't have a clear direction.

But when we become less stimulated, when we make our mind more calm,

we get the benefits of added productivity and focus and ideas and creativity,

but we also live a better life because of it.

Thank you so much.

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